Scientists from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology have revealed that regular consumption of sugary carbonated beverages can alter the DNA of intestinal bacteria and thereby influence the immune system. Their findings were published in the journal Nature Communications.
The researchers focused on Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a key component of the human gut microbiome known for its role in protecting against inflammation and pathogens. They discovered that sugar from soda triggers rapid DNA changes—known as inversions—in these bacteria. This affects inflammation markers, T-cell activity, cytokine secretion, and even the permeability of the intestinal wall.
Regular sugar intake from soda caused fast genetic shifts in gut microbes—impacting immune regulation, but these changes reversed when sugar was removed from the diet.
The researchers demonstrated these effects in lab cell cultures, mouse models, and human subjects. Crucially, the observed changes were found to be reversible: once sugar was eliminated from the diet, the bacteria returned their DNA to its original configuration, and immune function normalized.
The authors emphasize that nutrition directly influences the relationship between the microbiome and the immune system. This insight opens the door for personalized dietary recommendations aimed at supporting immune health and preventing inflammatory diseases.
In a related finding from April, scientists reported that sugary soft drinks and packaged juices are associated with an increased risk of depression, while fresh juices and coffee were linked to a reduced risk. The data continues to suggest a strong connection between diet and long-term mental and physical well-being.
