The problem of water shortage is especially serious in the countries of Africa and Asia. It is an open secret that drought-prone countries suffer from the shortage of water most. Deforestation is extremely dangerous at this point too. Flora is the inseparable member of the circulation of water. Water can not be found in the places where flora has been destroyed.
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The issue of water shortage in Russia is less serious than in other parts of the world. However, the delivery of water to consumers can become a very big problem instead: water pipelines and supplies are depreciated in many Russian cities. In addition, up to 60 percent of drinking water in Russia does not correspond to sanitary norms. About 40 percent of surface and 17 percent of underground sources of drinking water do not match the norms either.
Not only are there 1.1 billion without adequate drinking water, but the United Nations acknowledges 2.6 billion people are without adequate water for sanitation (e.g. wastewater disposal). The issues are coupled, since, without water for sewage disposal, cross-contamination of drinking water by untreated sewage is the chief adverse outcome of inadequate safe water supply. Consequently, disease and significant deaths arise from people using contaminated water supplies; these effects are particularly pronounced for children in underdeveloped countries, where 3900 children per day die of diarrhea alone.
While these deaths are generally considered preventable, the situation is considerably more complex, since the Earth is beyond its carrying capacity with respect to available fresh water. Often technology is advanced as a panacea, but the costs of technology presently exclude a number of countries from availing themselves of these solutions. If lesser developed countries acquire more wealth, partial mitigation will occur, but sustainable solutions must involve each region in balancing population to water resource and in managing water resources more optimally. In any case the finite nature of the water resource must be acknowledged if the world is to achieve a better balance.
There are many other countries of the world that are severely impacted with regard to human health and inadequate drinking water. The following is a partial list of some of the countries with significant populations (numerical population of affected population listed) whose only consumption is of contaminated water:
Sudan 12.3 million
Iran 5.6 million
Venezuela 5.0 million
Syria 3.8 million
Zimbabwe 2.7 million
Tunisia 2.1 million
Cuba 1.2 million
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